Understand your Hashimoto's, the stages, the numbers

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune condition in which the immune system slowly destroys the thyroid gland.

It moves through three stages, from antibody detection to overt hypothyroidism, and every stage leaves a readable trail in your blood work. This site walks through the stages, the symptom spectrum, T4-to-T3 conversion, and how to read and track your own thyroid numbers over time.

A printed lab report lying on a white desk next to a pen and a small glass of water.
0.4-4.0 mIU/L, the median TSH reference range most labs report. A value inside that window does not rule out subclinical hypothyroidism.
  • Fatigue that does not lift with sleep
  • Unexplained weight gain or a slowed metabolism
  • Cold sensitivity and dry skin
  • Brain fog and difficulty concentrating
  • Low mood or anxiety that follows thyroid changes
  • Constipation
Stage 1Antibodies appearTSH still normalStage 2TSH rises, free T4starts to dropStage 3Overt hypothyroidismsymptoms are clear

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